Cells and substrate are fed to a steady-state chemostat (continuous stirred-tank bioreactor) where they react to form more cells. The cell concentration (dashed blue line) in the reactor effluent is plotted versus the dilution rate D, which is the feed volumetric flow rate divided by the reactor volume. The concentration of unreacted substrate leaving the reactor (solid blue line) is also shown. The cell production rate (D*C_cell) is the solid green line. Use sliders to change the “feed substrate concentration”, the “Monod constant”, the “maximum growth rate”, and the “cell death rate constant”. Washout occurs at a high enough dilution rate that the cells are flushed out of the reactor and C_cell = 0. Note that the scale on the right y-axis (green scale) changes as parameters change.