Thermodynamics 1 Simulations
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Adiabatic Flame Temperature
Adiabatic flame temperature as a function of percent excess air and feed temperatures
id = adiabatic-flame-temperature (do not remove this text)
Carnot Cycle on Ideal Gas
The Carnot cycle is an idealization for a heat engine operating reversibly between two reservoirs at temperatures T1 and T2.
id = carnot-cycle-on-ideal-gas (do not remove this text)
Compressibility Factor Charts
Compressibility factor as function of reduced pressure and reduced temperature
id = compressibility-factor-charts (do not remove this text)
Evaporative Cooling of Water
This simulation shows how applying a vacuum in a closed system causes water to decrease in temperature and freeze due to evaporative heat loss.
id = evaporative-cooling-of-water (do not remove this text)
Heat of Reaction Temperature Dependence
Examine how heat of reaction changes with temperature
id = heat-of-reaction-temperature-dependence (do not remove this text)
Ideal Gas Law
Choose from a variety of scenarios in a piston/cylinder system, with an ideal gas contained therein. This is a deep dive into ideal gas behavior and a great introduction to the thermodynamics of ideal gasses.
id = ideal-gas-law (do not remove this text)
Injecting Liquid into an Evacuated Tank
Liquid propane or toluene is injected into an evacuated tank at constant temperature
id = injecting-a-liquid-into-an-evacuated-tank (do not remove this text)
Maxwell Relations
Demonstrates derivation of Maxwell relations
id = maxwell-relations (do not remove this text)
Ordinary Vapor Compression Cycle Refrigerant R-134a
Pressure-enthalpy and temperature-entropy diagrams for refrigeration cycle
id = ordinary-vapor-compression-cycle-refrigerant-r-134a (do not remove this text)
Pressure-Enthalpy Diagram for Water
Pressure-enthalpy diagram for water
id = ph-diagram-for-water (do not remove this text)
Pressure-Volume Diagram for Water
This simulation helps you learn how to read pressure-volume diagrams.
id = pressure-diagram-for-water (do not remove this text)
Pressure-Temperature Phase Diagram for Water
Water phase behavior on a log pressure vs temperature diagram
id = pressure-temperature-phase-diagram-for-water (do not remove this text)
Rankine Cycle
The Rankine cycle is a thermodynamic cycle showing how heat engines, such as steam turbines, generate work. This simulation plots the enthalpy and pressure at each stage of the Rankine cycle.
id = rankine-cycle (do not remove this text)
Reading a Psychrometric Chart
How to read a psychrometric chart
id = reading-a-psychrometric-chart (do not remove this text)
Reversible and Irreversible Expansion or Compression
Expansion or compression work for ideal gas in piston-cylinder system
id = reversible-irreversible-expansion-compression-work (do not remove this text)
Phase Diagrams from Van der Waals Equation of State
van der Waals equation of state to generate isotherms and isobars
id = single-component-pv-and-tv-diagrams (do not remove this text)
Single-Effect Evaporation
A single-effect evaporator evaporates water from a feed solution consisting of water and sugar. Adjust feed flow rate and temperature and observe the effect on concentrate flow rate and composition.
id = single-effect-evaporator (do not remove this text)
Temperature Changes in an Ideal Gas
Ideal gas heated or cooled at constant pressure or constant volume
id = temperature-changes-in-an-ideal-gas (do not remove this text)
Triple-Effect Evaporation
Observe the benefits of using a multiple-effect evaporator when concentrating a sugar water solution. Use this simulation alongside our single-effect evaporator simulation to learn all about the benefits of multiple-effect evaporation.
id = triple-effect-evaporator (do not remove this text)
Temperature-Entropy Diagram for Water
Temperature-entropy diagram for water
id = ts-diagram-for-water (do not remove this text)
Adiabatic Compression of Pure Gases
Compression of n-butane to different pressures
id = adiabatic-compression-of-pure-gases (do not remove this text)
Adiabatic Compression of Water in VLE
A piston compresses a vapor-liquid mixture of water adiabatically and reversibly
id = adiabatic-compression-of-water-in-vle (do not remove this text)
Adiabatic Evaporation of Water into Vacuum
Pressure on a liquid is lowered so some liquid evaporates irreversibly
id = adiabatic-evaporation-of-water-into-vacuum (do not remove this text)
Adiabatic Gas Expansion between Two Tanks
An pressurized ideal gas expands into a tank that is initially under vacuum
id = adiabatic-gas-expansion-between-two-tanks (do not remove this text)
Arranging Balls into Boxes
Shows how many ways r balls can be placed in n boxes
id = arranging-balls-into-boxes (do not remove this text)
Carnot Cycle with Irreversible Heat Transfer
Carnot heat engine and heat pump with finite temperature differences reservoirs and Carnot cycle
id = carnot-cycle-with-irreversible-heat-transfer (do not remove this text)
Chemical Potential Dependence on T and P
Chemical potential of solids, liquids, and vapors at function of temperature and pressure
id = chemical-potential-dependence-on-t-and-p (do not remove this text)
Circumnavigating the Critical Point
Demonstrates how to circumnavigate the critical point on a log pressure vs. temperature diagram
Compare Clausius-Clapeyron and Antoine Equations
Saturation pressure is plotted versus temperature using the Clausius-Clapeyron equation and the Antoine equation
id = compare-clausius-clapeyron-and-antoine-equations (do not remove this text)
Compare Compressors or Turbines with Different Efficiencies
Two adiabatic turbines or compressors with different efficiencies are compared
id = compare-compressors-turbines-different-efficiencies (do not remove this text)
Compressed-Gas Spray
The temperature of container with a vapor-liquid mixture is plotted as function of time that valve opened
id = compressed-gas-spray (do not remove this text)
Compressible Flow through a Nozzle/Diffuser
Compressible flow of air through a nozzle/diffuser
id = compressible-flow-through-a-nozzle-diffuser (do not remove this text)
Energy Balance on Pressurizing a Tank
Gas flows into an insulated that that is initially at a lower pressure and different temperature
id = energy-balance-on-pressurizing-a-tank (do not remove this text)
Enthalpy-Entropy Diagram For Water
Enthalpy-entropy diagram for water
id = enthalpy-entropy-diagram-for-water (do not remove this text)
Entropy Changes in Mixing Ideal Gases
Isothermal mixing of ideal gases or adding a second gas to an initial gas
id = entropy-changes-in-mixing-ideal-gases (do not remove this text)
Fluids in the Critical Region
Critical isotherm and phase behavior on a pressure-volume diagram
id = fluids-in-the-critical-region (do not remove this text)
Fugacity from Equation of State for Water
Water fugacity calculated using Peng-Robinson equation of state
id = fugacity-from-eos-for-water (do not remove this text)
Enthalpy and Entropy Departure Functions
Enthalpy and entropy departure functions using Peng-Robinson equation of state
id = h-and-s-departure-functions-for-gases (do not remove this text)
Heating Water in a Closed Vessel
A vapor-liquid mixture is heated in a fixed-volume container
id = heating-water-in-a-closed-vessel (do not remove this text)
Identify Chemical Potential Plots
Identify the correct curve for chemical potential versus temperature or pressure
id = identify-chemical-potential-plots (do not remove this text)
Identify Reversible and Irreversible Expansion and Compression
Step-by-step procedure for isothermal and adiabatic processes for an ideal gas
id = identify-reversible-and-irreversible-expansion-and-compression (do not remove this text)
Injecting Water into Liquid Nitrogen Tanks
Hot and cold water are injected into insulated tanks containing liquid nitrogen.
id = injecting-water-into-liquid-nitrogen-tanks (do not remove this text)
Irreversible and Reversible Temperature Equilibration
Two objectives at different temperatures thermally equilibrate reversibly or irreversibly
id = irreversible-and-reversible-temperature-equilibration (do not remove this text)
Joule-Thomson Expansion
Gas expansion through an adiabatic throttle
id = joule-thomson-expansion (do not remove this text)
Material & Energy Balances in a Reactor with Heat Exchange
Material and energy balances on a reactor with heat transfer
id = material-and-energy-balances-in-a-reactor-with-heat-exchange (do not remove this text)
Otto Cycle
Pressure-volume and temperature-entropy diagrams for cycle used in automotive engines
id = otto-cycle (do not remove this text)
Phase Behavior on a Pressure-Volume Diagram
Phase behavior of water on a P-V diagram
id = phase-behavior-on-a-pv-diagram (do not remove this text)
P-V Diagram for Heating Vapor-Liquid Mixture at Constant V
Heat added to a vapor-liquid mixture in a fixed volume container
id = pv-diagram-for-heating-vapor-liquid-mixture-at-constant-volume (do not remove this text)
Ranque-Hilsch Vortex Tube
Hilsch tube separates compressed air into a hold and cold stream
id = ranque-hilsch-vortex-tube (do not remove this text)
Refrigeration Cycle Coefficient of Performance
Calculate coefficient of performance for refrigeration cycle
id = refrigeration-cycle-coefficient-of-performance (do not remove this text)
Simulation of a Simple Gas Pressure Model
Molecules collisions with container walls lead to pressure of gas
id = simulation-of-a-simple-gas-pressure-model (do not remove this text)
Single-Component Fugacity
Fugacity of single component as function of temperature or pressure
id = single-component-fugacity (do not remove this text)
Three Intermolecular Potential Models
Three models for intermolecular potentials
id = three-intermolecular-potential-models (do not remove this text)
Throttling High-Pressure Water
Water expands adiabatically to lower pressure through valve
id = throttling-high-pressure-water (do not remove this text)
Atomic Interactions - PhET
Attractive and repulsive forces between two atoms
id = atomic-interactions-phet (do not remove this text)
Gas Properties - PhET
Pump gas molecules to a box and see what happens as you change the volume, add or remove heat, and more
id = gas-properties-phet (do not remove this text)
States of Matter - PhET
Phase changes as heat is added or removed
id = states-of-matter-phet (do not remove this text)