Mass and Energy Balances Simulations
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Adiabatic Flame Temperature
Adiabatic flame temperature as a function of percent excess air and feed temperatures
id = adiabatic-flame-temperature (do not remove this text)
Adiabatic Flash Drum with Binary Liquid Feed
High pressure liquid fed into a flash drum to form vapor and liquid streams at lower pressure
id = adiabatic-flash-drum-with-binary-liquid-feed (do not remove this text)
Adiabatic Flash Drum with Binary Liquid Feed Digital Experiment
This digital experiment feeds a heated binary liquid into a flash drum at lower pressure. Some of the liquid vaporizes and the rest leaves as a liquid at lower temperature than the feed.
id = adiabatic-flash-drum-with-binary-liquid-feed-WIDE (do not remove this text)
Adiabatic Gas Expansion between Two Tanks Digital Experiment
This digital experiment expands an ideal gas, which is at high pressure in the left tank, adiabatically into the right tank, which is initially evacuated.
id = adiabatic-gas-expansion-between-two-tanks-WIDE (do not remove this text)
Basic Ternary Phase Diagram
Learn how to read a ternary phase diagram. This simulation also includes the ability to quiz yourself.
id = basic-ternary-phase-diagram (do not remove this text)
Bernoulli Equation for Pipe Flow
Outlet conditions for water flow through a pipe using Bernoulli’s equation
id = bernoulli-equation (do not remove this text)
Chemical Equilibrium N2O4 Dissociation Digital Experiment
This experiment measures equilibrium pressures in a constant-volume system and equilibrium volumes in a constant-pressure system for a gas-phase reaction with a mole change (N2O4 –> 2NO2).
id = chemical-equilibrium-n2o4-WIDE (do not remove this text)
Compressibility Factor Charts
Compressibility factor as function of reduced pressure and reduced temperature
id = compressibility-factor-charts (do not remove this text)
Construct P-x-y Diagram for VLE
Construct P-x-y diagram for VLE of an ideal mixture
id = construct-p-x-y-diagram-for-vle (do not remove this text)
Construct T-x-y Diagram for VLE
Construct a T-x-y diagram for VLE of an ideal mixture
id = construct-t-x-y-diagram-for-vle (do not remove this text)
DePriester Chart for Hydrocarbons
Nomogram to find VLE ratios for hydrocarbons
id = depriester-chart-for-hydrocarbons (do not remove this text)
Determine Antoine Constants Digital Experiment
A digital experiment to determine Antoine constants
id = determine-antoine-constants-wide (do not remove this text)
DOF Analysis on a Distillation Process
Degree-of-freedom analysis on a distillation process.
id = dof-analysis-on-a-distillation-process (do not remove this text)
Heat of Reaction Temperature Dependence
Examine how heat of reaction changes with temperature
id = heat-of-reaction-temperature-dependence (do not remove this text)
Henry's Law for Gases Dissolved in Water
Mole fractions of gas dissolved in water as a function of temperature and pressure
id = henry-s-law-for-gases-dissolved-in-water (do not remove this text)
Ideal Gas Law
Choose from a variety of scenarios in a piston/cylinder system, with an ideal gas contained therein. This is a deep dive into ideal gas behavior and a great introduction to the thermodynamics of ideal gasses.
id = ideal-gas-law (do not remove this text)
Injecting Liquid into an Evacuated Tank
Liquid propane or toluene is injected into an evacuated tank at constant temperature
id = injecting-a-liquid-into-an-evacuated-tank (do not remove this text)
Lever Rule for a Binary Mixture on P-x-y Diagram
Lever rule calculates the relative amounts of two phases in equilibrium
id = lever-rule-applied-to-the-benzene-toluene-vapor-p-diagram (do not remove this text)
Mass and Mole Balances on a Reactor Digital Experiment
This simulation models the decomposition of propanol and the resulting mole and mass balances.
id = mass-and-mole-balances-reactor-wide (do not remove this text)
Mass Balances in Evaporative Crystallization
Perform material balances on an evaporative crystallization process
id = mass-balances-in-evaporative-crystallization (do not remove this text)
Material Balances in Liquid-Liquid Extraction Digital Experiment
Water is used as a solvent to extract acetic acid from a feed solution of acetic acid/chloroform/water so that the extract is enriched in acetic acid and the raffinate tank is depleted of acetic acid.
id = material-balances-in-lle-wide (do not remove this text)
Material Balances on a CSTR Digital Experiment
In this experiment, two liquid reactants in aqueous solutions flow into a steady-state, continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR). The objective is to determine the rate constant and the reaction order with respect to one of the reactants.
id = material-balances-on-a-cstr-wide (do not remove this text)
Measure Heat Capacity with a Calorimeter Digital Experiment
A metal cube is dropped into water and the increase in the water temperature is used to determine the heat capacity of the metal.
id = calorimeter-wide (do not remove this text)
P-x-y and T-x-y Diagrams for VLE
VLE of an ideal binary mixture represented on P-x-y and T-x-y diagrams
id = p-x-y-and-t-x-y-diagrams-for-vapor-liquid-equilibrium-vle (do not remove this text)
Pressure-Temperature Phase Diagram for Water
Water phase behavior on a log pressure vs temperature diagram
id = pressure-temperature-phase-diagram-for-water (do not remove this text)
Pressure-Volume Diagram for Water
This simulation helps you learn how to read pressure-volume diagrams.
id = pressure-diagram-for-water (do not remove this text)
Reactor with Recycle and Purge Stream
This simulates an ammonia synthesis with a recycle stream and a purge stream.
id = reactor-with-recycle-and-purge (do not remove this text)
Reading a Psychrometric Chart
How to read a psychrometric chart
id = reading-a-psychrometric-chart (do not remove this text)
Right and Equilateral Triangle Phase Diagrams
Two representations of ternary phase diagrams
id = right-equilateral-triangle-phase-diagrams (do not remove this text)
Single-Effect Evaporator Digital Experiment
This experiment concentrates a dilute sugar solution feed by boiling off water in a single-effect evaporator using saturated steam as the heat source. It aims to demonstrate the effects of operating parameters on evaporator efficiency.
id = single-effect-evap-WIDE (do not remove this text)
Single-Effect Evaporation
A single-effect evaporator evaporates water from a feed solution consisting of water and sugar. Adjust feed flow rate and temperature and observe the effect on concentrate flow rate and composition.
id = single-effect-evaporator (do not remove this text)
Solving Mass Balances on a Distillation Column
Mass balances around a distillation column
id = solving-mass-balances-on-a-distillation-column (do not remove this text)
Stripping Column Material Balances Digital Experiment
determines the Henry’s constant from measurements on a stripping column
id = stripping-column-material-balances-wide (do not remove this text)
Temperature Changes in an Ideal Gas
Ideal gas heated or cooled at constant pressure or constant volume
id = temperature-changes-in-an-ideal-gas (do not remove this text)
Ternary Phase Diagram with Alternate Phase Envelope
Ternary phase diagram for ternary mixtures that are only miscible over a small composition range
id = ternary-phase-diagram-with-alternate-phase-envelope (do not remove this text)
Ternary Phase Diagram with Phase Envelope
Ternary phase diagram for ternary mixtures that are only partially miscible
id = ternary-phase-diagram-with-phase-envelope (do not remove this text)
Transient Material Balances
This simulates a reactor in real-time, with an inlet stream, outlet stream, and a chemical reaction in the tank. The conditions in the reactor are plotted in real-time.
id = transient-material-balances (do not remove this text)
Triple-Effect Evaporation
Observe the benefits of using a multiple-effect evaporator when concentrating a sugar water solution. Use this simulation alongside our single-effect evaporator simulation to learn all about the benefits of multiple-effect evaporation.
id = triple-effect-evaporator (do not remove this text)
Unsteady-State Mass Balances for a 2-phase Multicomponent System Digital Experiment
Using material balances, and Raoult’s law, predict the liquid level in this bubbler experiment.
id = unsteady-state-material-balances-2-phase-WIDE (do not remove this text)
Unsteady-State Material Balances on a CVD Reactor Digital Experiment
A stream of inert helium containing a low concentration of the reactant tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS, or Si(C2H5O)4) at 0.050 mol% is fed at a constant rate into a high-temperature reactor, where it produces solid-phase SiO2 and vapor-phase water and ethylene. Silicon dioxide (SiO2) deposits on material surfaces inside the chemical vapor deposition (CVD) reactor. The reactor has recycle. Mass balances are calculated for the system.
id = unsteady-state-material-balances-CVD-reactor-wide (do not remove this text)
Vapor-Liquid Equilibrium for System with an Azeotrope
P-x-y and T-x-y diagrams for a non-ideal binary mixture that has an azeotrope
id = vapor-liquid-equilibrium-diagram-for-system-with-an-azeotrope (do not remove this text)
Vapor Pressure of Binary Solutions
Partial pressures of a binary mixture as function of mole fractions
id = vapor-pressure-of-binary-solutions (do not remove this text)
Visualization of Vapor-Liquid Equilibrium
Visualization of VLE of a binary mixture
id = visualvle (do not remove this text)
Adding One Component to a Binary VLE Mixture
A single component is added to a binary mixture in VLE
id = adding-one-component-to-a-binary-vle-mixture (do not remove this text)
Adiabatic Humidification
Liquid water sprayed into a dry warm air stream lowers the temperature
id = adiabatic-humidification (do not remove this text)
Evaporative Crystallization with Recycle
Mass balances for an evaporative crystallization process
id = evaporative-crystallization-with-recycle (do not remove this text)
Flash Distillation of a Ternary Mixture
Raoult’s law applied to flash distillation of a ternary mixture
id = flash-distillation-of-a-benzene-toluene-p-xylene-mixture (do not remove this text)
Gibbs Phase Rule
Gibbs phase rule for one- and two-component systems
id = gibbs-phase-rule-for-one–and-two-component-systems (do not remove this text)
Heat Balance in Freezing and Thawing Food
Heat added or removed to thaw or freeze 1 kg of food
id = heat-balance-for-freezing-and-thawing-foods (do not remove this text)
Mass Balance in the Haber Process
The extent of reaction for NH3 synthesis at high pressure
id = mass-balance-in-the-haber-process (do not remove this text)
Mass Balances for Binary VLE
Visualization of mass balances when pure component added to a VLE mixture
id = mass-balances-for-binary-vle (do not remove this text)
Mass Balances in Absorption and Stripping Units
Quiz yourself on mass balances in single-stage absorption and stripping units
id = mass-balances-in-absorption-and-stripping-units (do not remove this text)
Material & Energy Balances in a Reactor with Heat Exchange
Material and energy balances on a reactor with heat transfer
id = material-and-energy-balances-in-a-reactor-with-heat-exchange (do not remove this text)
Operation of an Air Conditioner
Amount of water condensed and heat removed for an air conditioner
id = operation-of-an-air-conditioner (do not remove this text)
Phase Behavior on a Pressure-Volume Diagram
Phase behavior of water on a P-V diagram
id = phase-behavior-on-a-pv-diagram (do not remove this text)
Reactor with Recycle Stream
Mass balances on a reactor with separation and recycle
id = reactor-with-recycle-stream (do not remove this text)
Gas Properties - PhET
Pump gas molecules to a box and see what happens as you change the volume, add or remove heat, and more
id = gas-properties-phet (do not remove this text)